Category: Text Books
Understanding Violence & Victimization
Logic & Critical Thinking
Organized Crime
Sociology
Green Plans Blueprint For A Sustainable Earth
Welcome back. Yeah. Time for a new box.
We have Come Sunday. Let’s see what’s in here. It’s like what it says. It’s just pictures. So that’s a no-go. I mean, great pictures though.
Ferdinand de Saussure. No.
Manufacturing or Managing Uncertainty While Blazing a Trail to Success. Progressive Manufacturing, co-published… Yeah, baby. Let’s see. Yeah. Well, that’s an interesting one.
We got the Czech Yearbook of International Law. Be interested in the future. Not too much at the moment.
The New Tenant by E. Phillips Oppenheim, something like that. How old is this bad boy? 1910.
The Walking Dead. No.
The Human Comedy. What’s this? I mean, it’s a 1943 book. It’s a really old book. I don’t know what that news article was, but it was old. But not for what we’re doing. Right?
More stories of famous operas. Probably really interesting. Not for the topics of what I want to talk about right now.
Fish on Friday. No.
Peace of Soul. Frustration of philosophical anxiety, the origin of conflicts and their redemption is guard hard to find, morbidity and denial of guilt, sex and love of God. Yeah, we’ll do that Peace of the Soul.
Let’s see. Let’s see here. Charles. Don’t believe it. Rainy day friends by his own hand, when the men were gone. It’s a reader digest. Nah, it’ll stay in the box for now.
Green Plans: Blueprint of Sustainable Earth. Oh look, I even get a bookmark. So yeah, this is coming with us. That’s a good one to discuss. All right. We found three in this box.
We’ve got a good Michael Jackson book, The Final Years. Do we have… Oh, we got pictures. We’re not going to go over Michael Jackson.
Tobruk: A Raid Too Far. Soldiers of the desert, New breed of soldier, Role for a suicide squad, Marines embark. Is this true? The new breed of soldier. Churchill was furious that the … Two days as we were ready to engineer. So this is like the one that we… If you’ve been paying attention, you kind of learn about these people, the soldiers of the desert and the other one. We’re going to keep this on the back burner in my head. I’m not going to do it right now.
We found three books out of this box. It’s still, if you think about it, that’s not that bad. The opera one would be really interesting, but it’s just not my cup of tea at the moment. I got other things to talk about. There’s too many books right now to be… For opera because maybe when I get older in life, I’ll be able to stop and appreciate the opera more than I would at this moment now in my life. So that’s why we’re not going to go over it. However, I don’t think I’m not cultured. I would love to learn more about the opera and you know, the pictures and all that kind of stuff. However, we’re not in it today.
So that box got us three books, not that bad. You know what I’m saying? So on average, we’ve gotten a minimum of three… One of the boxes was gold. It was like seven books in one. Now that was just… That was too massive and it’s fun. It’s great to find great books and interesting things. But at the same time, doing seven books before you can take a break is a long time.
All right. So we got Huey D. Johnson, Green Plans: Blueprint for a Sustainable Earth. See what we’ve got in here. Okay. We got part one to finding the problem and its solution. Excuse me. Part two, assessing green plans in action. That’s basically it.
Let’s check out Green Plans that are in action right now. It’s well, no. Let’s… Yeah, no. So I’m thinking, all right, do we want the towards a sustainable Singapore or the Netherlands or New Zealand? I’m going to have to go Singapore, just for the simple fact the Netherlands is freezing cold. New Zealand, I would love to go vacation, but living, never going to live there. But Singapore is like in the middle of everything. So I see, like for my own personal self, I see more of a opportunity to learn more about what they’re doing over there for my own personal sense. Because there’s a lot of people in Singapore and then around that area, 155.
All right, by Lim Swee Say. He’s probably really important person. I’m going to admit I’m very ignorant and I have no idea who that is, but we’re going to read what he had to say. “We do not allow the lack of nature endowment to determine our fate. Instead, we look ahead.” He’s probably the president or the founder. “For the future, set clear targets and pursue the necessary policies head-on with clear thinking and concrete strategies. However, the successful implementation of SGP2012 will not happen overnight. All of us must be prepared to play our part and commit ourselves to act in a timely and responsible way.” He can talk the talk.
Okay. “Singapore, a city-state characterizing the last few decades by rapid industrial growth and essentially no natural resources may seem like an unlikely candidate for Green Planning.” That’s part of the reason why we are doing the research on Singapore, because there’s a lot of people in those space. That’s very interesting about how they’re going to plan to do that.
“Yet it may have been precisely the limitations of its small, highly developed land area, aided by its highly centralized government in which all the departments work in concert, that prompted Singapore to adopt in 1992, a comprehensive environmental program, the Singapore Green Plan (SGP2012).”
So they started this in 2000 and… Or excuse me, 1992. Wow. “The country’s space limitations have forced it to practice careful land-use planning for many years. For example, since the city’s master plan was drawn in the 1950s, all land has been zoned, and environmental impact assessments have been required for all development. By the time the 1992 Green Plan was drawn up, Singapore was already known for having some of the world’s strictest pollution control standards, including particularly impressive air-quality standards and a moderate, congestion-free, cheap mass transit. At this writing, some 15 years into the plan, Singapore is proud to be successfully achieving economic social growth while not neglecting the environment. Although a small country, it is one of the Asia’s leaders in economic or environmental technologies and services.”
That’s very interesting. I was reading kind of underneath the breath because I’m reading a little bit faster, but what they basically are saying is that like Singapore is a city-state. Is it a country? Yes, but it’s also basically just a big city, right? It’s very small. I mean, it is a city or it’s a country, but they don’t have very many natural resources. So what they’ve had to do is really think outside the box on every last little thing. That’s part of the reason why Singapore is just like a phenomenon that it actually worked. Right?
So what they’ve been saying since it almost works synonymous with saying Singapore. Like green and Singapore, because of the lack of space that Singapore’s had. So since the beginning of Singapore in the 50s, they’ve had to draw up on how to not only sustain the little resources that they do have, but to maximize their growth in a responsible manner. Like I said, I’m not going to read the whole thing. I’m going to do it for myself and then we’ll go over it in my essay.
However, it’s very interesting to think about how they were able to carry this out. You know, SPG 2012. It seems like, okay, they’ve only been around for eight years, but they started in 1992 to be green, while the rest of the world is still kind of on fossil fuels and it’s just now starting to become like a thing of the future. Right? So through this, we can… How does it relate? We can think through like books like this and educational systems and just thinking outside the box and like, what are they doing? It’s amazing for us because what that allows us to do is think of opportunities to capitalize.
Padua And The Tudors
Good morning. Box number five.
Let’s see, which one do I want to get the day started with? Its first thing in the morning. Just going to recap last night, before I went to bed. Talked about this one, box number five. We got this one, this one, la voila. I almost dropped it. And we also have Padua and the Tudors. So we’re going to go through Padua and the Tudors since it’s in my hand. So, let’s see what’s interesting about here, what’s in here.
The English Nation at Padua, students of law, students of medicine, natural philosophy. Let’s go see what they’re talking about. 73.
Okay. I left Oxford in 1503 to study medicine in Padua. The anonymous register of Merton College noted that, Padua was the most famous university for humane studies and was going to devote himself to The presenters for much of the foreign, essentially, Padua medicine and natural philosophy would extend influence on English Humanist studies and Aristotelianism… I don’t know how to pronounce this word, maybe you… That one, right there. Aristotelianism… Has been recognized only in the most fragmented ways, despite the examples. So.
So, wherever Padua is, right, Padua, I got to look on the map because it was part of the English colonies, I’m guessing, because I mean the English experience it. And they’re talking about the students of medicine and natural philosophy, the 16th century Padua studium was renowned above all for its medicine. And before the end of the 15th century, it had begun to absorb the movement in the field pioneered by Niccolò Leoniceno in Ferrara, and now described as medical humanism, was primarily intended to reconstruct the original words of the ancient Greek medical sources, especially of Hippocrates, and his interpreter, Galen. And of the chief source of ancient natural philosophy, Aristotle, to make their writings available in Greek and the new Latin translations. The medical students, as an essential steps towards a reformed, and academically moderated medical practice, and to challenge the position in academic. How to better amenable Arabic interpreters of the Greek tradition.
All right, this is actually pretty interesting. Because of the therapeutic importance of the medical samples in ancient medicine, and because of Galen’s evidence.
Hold on, let me just, instead of just trying to read it all to you, because I’m kind of reading out loud. Kind of like, wait Eric. Wait, wait, what?
So what I’m gathering through here is these people in the 1500s in Padua, they went there and they started their studies and then… This is the 1500s, so when they’re talking of medieval, which, I mean, it’s, what 200, 300 years before that? I mean, it doesn’t seem like it was a lot of years, but I’m only 36 so two, 300 years is a lot. So I guess the medieval times, because it could be all the way back to the 1100s.
So what he’s saying is the medicine, like the Greeks. You’ve got to remember, the Greeks were B.C. So in the media, they challenged the position in academic medicine held by medieval Arabic interpreters of Greek tradition. So what he’s saying is, right then around the 1500s, when they went to this place called Padua or whatever it’s called. At that point in time, the trend, the Greeks and the ancient medicine was interpreted through the Arabic’s, right. So they wanted to translate it basically towards English and be it more of the crusaders or whatever, Jesus. And so that’s what they set out to do on that part. I mean, yeah. I got to read some more. It’s pretty interesting. I mean, it goes on for…
Quite a few pages. I mean, it talks about all the way into the 1600s. So it talks a hundred years of what happens down there. Let’s see if we can find anything. .
All right, here we go. Talking about Greeks and everything. Henry Cuffe is one such student from around Harvey’s time. A pupil and colleague of Henry Savile in Oxford in the late 1570s and 1580s. Cuffe had been appointed Regius Professor of Greek in 59. Later became a client of the Earl of Essex, and was implicated in his rebellion. Okay. Licensed like a significant number of other members of the Essex. Cuffe matriculated at Padua in 1597. In 1600, he wrote a work of natural philosophy, which was printed post-mortemly in 1607. As the differences of the ages of man, it is impossible to establish a precise relationship between the philosophically eccentric, [inaudible 00:06:27] work which draws on Plato, Aristotle, Galen, and the hermetic writers.
Oh man, I can’t pronounce these words. Averroes, Avicenna, Paracelsus and [inaudible 00:06:46] studies in Padua. But the relationship itself is certainly embedded in the work. Okay. Let’s just get to where I thought it would say. Sometimes I had the whole paragraph. I need to read a paragraph. I’m trying to get to where it was at the bottom, but let’s see…
Long discussions… So when you’re reading in your head, all the words you can’t pronounce, it doesn’t matter. You just skip over it. [inaudible 00:07:14]. Half the time, again, if you can tell it’s a name, it’s a name. Right. So I mean, when you’re reading in your mind, who cares, if you can pronounce a name, right? It doesn’t matter. Or even like “philosophical,” if you, if you see the word a million times, you can look it up one time. It doesn’t matter if you can pronounce it, you just look at it and you know what it means.
It’s not very important… I mean, it probably is really important, but I got to read the whole chapter. Right. There’s a lot, it’s talking about the Greeks and everything, but I’m trying to like snap some out, but he’s long-winded so it’s not like today where it’s like, boom, and it hits you with like information where its really easy. This is like, you’ve got to read the whole bloody 30 pages for you to be able to explain what’s going on. Right. Because they’re doing it in a story-based, well, all these are kind of story basis. So it’s kind of different. Yeah. This poses more of a challenge, to just pick up and kind of get it.
Because then you don’t want to watch me read, but it’s already… Let me see one thing. What is Padua? Right? The university of Padua was one of Europe’s great centers of learning in the pre-modern period. Located in Northeast Italy, about 20 miles from Venice. The Padua Studium was officially founded in 1222 as a result of a student migration to the University’s bursity of Bologna.
In the course of the following century, it came to be recognized as a universitas scholarium. That is a self-governed legal corporation of scholars protected by Padua’s civil authorities. From 1260, it’s statues were confined, and from 1264 it’s chancellor, who was always the Bishop of Padua, conferred academic degrees by the Pope sanction. Before the period dealt with this in his study, the studium had already succeeded in attracting many important intellectual figures, including a number of the early humanities, the pioneers of the Renaissance classical revival. In the 14th century, these numbers and poet…
So, okay, so the Padua… Helps to read the introduction, right? So it’s Northwest, or Northeast Italy. It’s been around since the medieval time, like I said, the 1200s, which makes sense because we were in the 1500s in the Renaissance and everything he was talking in the medieval time.
Yeah. What I’ll also do is I’ll kind of give a history of everything, because it’s only seven pages, but I’m already over 10 minutes. So a place of knowledge and studying. So again, read, build your own library, and you can have your own Padua, right?
Clinical Psychopharmacology for the Busy Practitioner
All right. I can’t read that word. ‘Clinical Psycho-pharmacology For The Busy Practitioner’, by Hugo Rosen, whatever. All right. So what do we got in here? Oh, wow. So, if you want to know all about drugs, psychiatric assessment, antidepressant drugs, mood stabilizing drugs. A lot, oh. The violent patient, the suicidal patient, geriatrics, psycho-pharmacological medical diseases that mimic psychotic disorders, treatment of drug abuse, alcoholism, psychoactive drug interactions, anti-anxiety and hypnotic drugs, anti-psychotic or neuroleptic drugs. Man, this got a whole, I mean, this is, literally like it says, this is the psycho-pharmacology for the busy practitioner. So it got it all, right down, for you. So let’s go to, what does he talk about?
So, antidepressant drugs, right? In today’s world, a lot of people on it, especially in America. I think it was something ridiculous as 50%, of America, is on some type of pill, right? One of these drugs. All right. Well, these are the categories, but … This is just ridiculous. I mean, he really goes into this. Wow. Yeah, I’m just reading and, man, it’s really going through, in detail, drugs that block alderlene, I don’t know how to pronounce half the stuff. Basic [inaudible 00:02:51], ethanol, metabolism levels, alcohol levels in non tolerant drinker, science in alcohol, or drug, abuse. We got drugs and medical illness that may and induce depression in the elderly patient. The most common psychiatric symptoms of endocrine diseases, opiate withdrawals, important neuropeptides, after, I’ll probably still never be able to pronounce these words, but I’ll be able to give you a better explanation of what they are, right? So let’s go to anti-psychotic. I’m more interested in that than mood stabilizers or antidepressants, 103.
Anti-psychotic. In 1952, demonstrated the efficiency of chlorpromazine in acute psychosis. At present, there are several anti-psychotic drugs, AP, of element United States. What is this, AP stands for? Excuse me. AP, anti-psychotic, neuroleptic drugs. I don’t know if you’ve already received that. If you weren’t, I apologize. In the United States, [inaudible 00:04:29] on all are effective by acting on the [inaudible 00:04:32] Darale system, except Klonopin, induce pseudo Parkinson’s. It is believed that AP, [inaudible 00:04:49] schizophrenia by acting on mesolimbic, or, yeah wow. You probably can’t understand anything that I’m saying either, so I’m not going to keep badgering these long words, right? You can read the report and then you can pretend that you know what you’re talking about. I can see the words and make sense, but, I know I’ve heard of. I know that’s how you spelled it though. All right.
Okay, here we go. All AP have been found to be more effective than a placebo, in both acute and chronic schizophrenics. About 75 of schizophrenics respond to AP, as compared with only 25 on a placebo. When an AP were used in maintenance therapy, one half of schizophrenics relapsed over a two year follow-up period. However, 85% of the placebo treated patients relapse over the same period. Therefore, AP are more effective than the placebo, but many patients relapse despite adequate treatment. There are no overall differences in clinical efficiency among the AP drugs. They do differ in their side effects, doses and formulations. Okay, wow. And then it goes, the frequently prescribed anti-psychotic drugs … My goodness. Okay, positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. I’m not going to go too much because I’m going to have to read a lot, because this is really brand new. I mean, it’s quite interesting. Once I go through, once I accept the fact I don’t know half the words they’re talking about, and once it’s okay that you don’t know the words, and you know, you just see the word over and over again, you know it’s important, right? Wow. How many bloody things are there?
So this is way more intense. You see I’m still flipping over here. Side effects of anti-psychotic drugs, early onset early onset, other side effects. Yeah. Skin rashes, a whole bunch of late onset whoa, rabbit syndrome. What is the rabbit syndrome? Just because you know, rabbit syndrome is a possible late Parkinson’s variant.
Early Man Prehistory and the Civilizations of the Ancient Near East
All right. Welcome back guys. Which one do I want you to talk about now? Remember, we are in box number two for the day. The first box, we only found three, but the second box was like more of a gold mine with one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight. We found eight books in box number two, so don’t forget to buy your own box and start building your own library.
Early man.
Prehistory and the Civilizations of Ancient Near East. We have the earliest food gatherers, the later food gatherers, the food raisers. Okay, now we go part two, the Origins of Civilization. Civilization in Babylon, Egypt, Empires and subjects, the Syrian and the Persian Empires, the subjects.
Oh, that’s actually pretty interesting. Let’s go.
I mean, there’s a reason it’s taken me so long because a lot of this is really interesting because civilization of Babylon… This civilization of India or of Egypt. I would love to talk more about that, don’t get me wrong. However, it seems like everyone always talks about Egypt. If you go to YouTube, every thing on…if you go to history, you’re going to talk about three different things. You going to talk about Alexander the Great. You going to talk about the Romans and then you’re also going to talk about the Egyptians and then well four different things… And then Genghis Khan now, so it’s four different things and boom that’s like all of ancient history.
However, writing and law didn’t come from any of those. It came from the civilization of Babylon. So we’re going to… That’s what we’re going to do. Let’s go to 80.
What was that picture?
Wait a minute, I see… Look at the Neanderthal.
But you know, it’s kind of funny how they make him have white people hair, even though if he was from Africa, the Neanderthal would be impossible to have white people hair but you know tomatoe tomato, right? Who cares? Fake news. 80
Writing.
All right. Why we’re doing writing? Cause it’s the closest thing to reading, right? In order to read, something has to be written. So let’s go in a deep note bit about this.
By the time we have definitely passed from the prehistoric to the historic age, men could set down their ideas and describe events in writing. The Sumerians had begun to draw conventionalized pictograms represented as physical objects on clay tablets by about 3,500 BC. So what we’re looking at is this picture. Let me show you the picture. See the picture. So in that picture, as this is a clay tablet from Kish, about 3,500 BC on which the symbols are still pictograms, just below the head in the upper right corner is a threshing sledge, which oxen drew around and around on a threshing floor. Contrast the writing in the next picture almost 2000 years later.
So look at these pictures, these are more pictograms.
And when I say 2000 years later. 2000 years. Good God, Jesus died 2000 years ago. So when you put things in perspective, Jesus isn’t even that old. We only in 2020. So 2020 years since Jesus died or whatever or his birth, I don’t remember. But they’re talking about just for us to be able to figure out how to write took 2000 years. Think, just imagine how slow that took… That’s 2000 years.
300 years later, about 32 tablets shown that scribes took tremendous step by developing ideograms, that marks expressions, concepts, such as a day, and phonograms, symbols expressing symbolic phono type values as we might draw a B for the sound B. Interesting. I don’t want to go too far cause you know this can get you…
Wow.
So we’re just kind of skipping around and in that case few of us would learn how to read or write. First this script involved about 500 to 600 signs that many which were complicated in the ancient near East only professional scribes commonly wrote and the evidence they provide is usually most revealing for the upper classes unless commoners got into a lawsuit. Law. So this is super interesting. Just think about that. So it’s kind of like Chinese, they have characters for things. This is old, they all had characters.
All right. So right here, you can kind of see the steady progression.You see how the fish…
You can pause the video. Then when I go over it, you can look. We’ll go from the top row. The top one’s fish, ox, I can’t read, I can’t read, I can’t read, but we’ll go down like that and…
There it is. It goes from the original all the way to Sumerian, early Babylonian and down. So you can kind of see the natural progression of the drawing symbols, of how writing kind of seems, the early depictions of things. It’s just, this real was pretty easy and when you get over here, it’s like, oh my goodness, that’s a lot. So it’s more like Chinese in a sentence because each thing is… I mean, to be able to write in Chinese, that’s a lot of drawing.
All right, well, this is what we’re going to do. We’re going to go through… Well, I’m going to go through… I’m going to read because it’s really a small chapter of writing. It’s not as intense as I would’ve thought. So we’ll talk more about the Babylonians and the early civilizations, look at some more pictures.
I love how they break all the noses off. That’s amazing. Thank you for that. Fake news history. No, I’m just kidding.
All right. Talk to you guys later on… But this is pretty interesting. Hold on.
Civilization. Civilizations in Babylon. The idea of civilization needs precise description if we are to know how a civilization differs from a culture of uncivilized people.
Leave you on that. Leave you on that to ponder. What is the difference between civilization and culture?
Essentials Of Geology
We’re going to try it a little bit different where instead of me looking at the camera, I have no idea if I’m in focus, but hopefully when I’m looking down at the book, I’ll be able to tell if you guys can see what I’m looking at better or not. This is why we’re doing this experiment. Let’s go back to the books. Let’s check out Advancing in the World of Work. What is this? No, that’s not in English. All this isn’t in English on this incredible light in texture, that’s kind of interesting. We got the collecting of guns…geology. Honestly, I’m not going to lie. Geology caught me more than anything else.
I’m getting old.
Essentials of Geology. You can kind of see how my room’s a little messy, whatever. I can get over it. Let’s check it out.
They don’t really explain how great geology is. Part of the reason I like geology is because I want to be a miner, I want to go get my gold. Right? My gold or my other things in Earth’s crest. In order to do that, you have to be a survey. You got to understand geology. All right. You can’t build on any type of thing and each little particle…where is the beginning of the book? I wasn’t even there yet, that’s why. If you’ve watched some of the other episodes of me rambling on about books, this is more of an adult book. You see how there’s just massive amounts and less pictures. The younger people’s books, they’re way more interesting. You can learn a lot faster because you don’t have to read as much, is what I’m saying. You can just look at pictures. You’re going to learn a lot more from this, obviously. Let’s look at this.
Rock groups, patterns and minerals, running water, jolly of streams and floods, unsafe ground landslides, riches and rock, energy and mineral resources. I want to learn about that, but there you go. Look at that. You can read most of that. That’s amazing. I think this is the better way to do it. While you’re listening to me, you yourself can look through the brief content and if something interests you, then Essentially of Geology. What interests me…where was I was? Here we go. Riches and rock. Of course, riches. That’s got me. That’s marketing right there, baby. 321. What is this? Look at this.
Types of metamorphic rock. Whoa. This is crazy. This is way more…I even forgot what page I was going to. 321.
See, this is the landslides and stuff. Look at this. They’ve got a car.
Here’s a quick little timeline. Remember 321. The Big Bang, origin of life, complex life appears, age of the dinosaurs, the Triassic to Jurassic to Cretaceous, the age of the mammals.
Oh, the horse was before the woolly mammoth. That’s crazy, I didn’t know that. 321. Oh, there we go. Look. Where’s the…what the fuck is that? Oh, excuse me. I’m sorry. What is this? This is the supercontinent and the late. These are the big continents. This is why you don’t see anything that makes any sense.
They put North…yeah, right dude. I don’t know what that is.
Here’s a different one.
Let’s get to where I’m at. You guys are going to let me get distracted. Riches in rock, energy and mineral resources. Look at this.
Oil and gas now account for more than half energy supplies. Yes, but what is this graph? Energy needs have increased in the past 150 years. Different energy resources have been used to fill those needs.
Wow.
Wood, and then to the two thousands. Look at that. Nuclear, just a little bit. Oil and gas, coals. Coals is right there. This book’s a little bit older. As we all know, renewable sources or renewable energy is really big right now. Through here, sources of energy in the earth system. I’ll go over this a little bit more, most definitely in the larger part. I’m not going to do the whole chapter, but this is interesting. Let’s see if there’s anything more interesting.
No, this is cool. Oil and gas, what are oil and gas and where do oil and gas form. Look at this. Carbon and hydrogen atoms that combined oil and natural gas come from cells of algae and plankton, not from trees or dinosaurs. Well, who thought it came from trees and dinosaurs? Transformation of tiny and floaty organisms into flammable liquids or gases takes several steps and can only happen under special conditions. The process begins when the organisms die and their bodies accumulate along with clay on the floor of a quiet lake or sea. The bodies are so tiny that they cannot settle in places where the water is moving. The water is at the side of the deposition, contains dissolved oxygen. The organic chemicals make up the bodies of either oxidized or organic chemicals, making up the bodies oxidized or eaten by microbes and decompose.
But in oxygen-poor water, the organic chemicals survive and mix with clay to form an ooze, which, when deeply buried, become beds of black organic shale. The organic chemicals in such beds are the raw materials from which hydrocarbon form, so black organic shale is called source rock. Wow. I had no idea. That was pretty interesting. Now, obviously there’s more to it like, if a source rock is buried deeply enough, it becomes warmer, since temperatures increase with depth in the Earth. Chemical reactions, slowly transform the organic material in black shale into waxy substance called kerogen. Figure 2-2. There we go. Here’s the picture. Start right here.
The water goes down here to the source rock, organic-rich mud turns to black shale. Under heat and pressure kerogen forms. The kerogen forms right here. This is 80 degrees Celsius. Then 120 degrees Celsius, that’s when it turns into oil. Basically, it’s a melting process of the plankton. Wow. That’s interesting. I would have never known that dead feces and dead animals and mammals and things in clay mixed together like, plankton and clay floating water sink and accumulate. That’s crazy. Then more sediment accumulates over the plankton-rich layer compresses it, and then it turns into source rock. Then as temperatures increase, kerogen turns to oil and the oil rises. Wow. That’s very interesting.
I had no idea. Well, this video is way longer than I wanted it to be, but that was interesting. I’ll read some more and then I will be able to give you a deeper analysis of…what chapter was this called? Riches in rock energy and mineral resources.