Category: A – Definitions

 brokerage account in which Brokers discretion in making investment decisions is limited to goals to find by the consumer compare discretionary account

 tendency of people with significant potential to file claims wanting to obtain insurance coverage for example those with severe health problems want to buy health insurance and people going into a dangerous place such as a war zone want to buy more life insurance companies employing workers in dangerous occupations want to buy more walk workers compensation coverage in order to combat the problem of adverse selection insurance companies try to reduce their exposure to large claims by either raising premiums or limiting the availability of coverage to such applicants

1. government securities exchange of return government securities prior to their due date for issues with a later maturity it is through advanced refunding the national debt is extended as an alternative to the economic disruptions that will result from eliminating the debt once and for all
2.  municipal bonds cell of new bonds the refunding issue in advance you see by some years of the first call date of the old bonds the issue to be refunded the responding issue would normally have a lower rate than the issue to be refunded and the proceeds with the end vested usually in government securities until a higher rate bond becomes callable this practice also code free refunding has been Curtailed by separate acts Acts

1. opinion expressed by a company’s independent Auditors that the firm’s financial statements do not accurately reflect the company’s Current financial position or operating results
2.  an adverse opinion is a far more serious finding than a qualified opinion in which only some issues are of concern to the auditor investors should be extremely cautious about investing in any company with an adverse opinion from it auditors

measurement of the number of stocks that have advanced and a number that have declined over a particular. Is the ratio of 1 to the other and shows the general direction of the market it is considered bullish if more stocks Advanced then decline on any trading day it is bears if the clients outnumber advances the steepness of the A & D line graphically shows whether a strong bull or a bear bull is under way

1.  employee benefit caps given to an employee before it is needed or earned a travel Advance is supplied so that an employee has cash to use on an upcoming business trip a salary Advance is provided to help the employee cover emergency expenses
2.  securities increase in the price of stocks bonds Commodities or other assets often heard when referring to the movement of brought index has for example the Dow Jones Industrial advance to 15 points today
3.  trade Advance payment for goods or services that will be delivered in the near future for example home contractors require an advance from home owners to pay for building materials

book value adjusted for market value on the balance sheet

 Latin term meaning according to value and referring to a way of assessing duties or taxes on Goods or property as one example ad valorem Duty assessment is based on the value of the imported item rather than on the weight or quantity as another example the city of Englewood New Jersey levies and ad valorem property tax based on assessed value of property rather than its size

court-appointed individual or bank charged with carrying out the Court’s decisions with respect to a descendants estate until it’s fully distributed to all claimants administrators are appointed when the person dies without having made a will or have without having named an executor or when the name executor cannot or will not serve the term administratrix is sometimes used if individual appointed is a woman